Half wave rectifier uses the same principle as pn junction diode and thus converts ac to dc. A circuit which rectifies half of the ac wave is called half wave rectifier.
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The device used for this process is called as a rectifier.
Pn junction diode as half wave rectifier. So to understand the underlying theory behind a half wave rectifier you need to understand the pn junction and the characteristics of the pn junction diode. This is achieved by using a junction diode in series with a load. When the p n junction diode is forward biased it gives little resistance and when it is reversing biased it provides high resistance.
A half wave rectifier is a device which makes use of key properties of a pn junction diode. A half wave rectifier is a circuit which converts one half of the alternating input voltage into direct voltage. In a half wave rectifier one half of each ac input cycle is rectified.
During the non conducting half cycle the maximum reverse voltage appearing across the diode is equal to the peak ac voltage v m. This property is used in the process of rectification. Since the p n junction conducts only in one half cycle of the sine wave it acts as a half wave rectifier.
Rectifier circuits using pn junction diodes. In a half wave rectifier only one half cycle of ac voltage is taking. In a half wave rectifier circuit the load resistance is connected in series with the pn junction diode.
The maximum reverse voltage that a diode can oppose without breakdown is called its peak inverse voltage piv. Admin january 18 2011 2 comments. During the positive half cycle of ac voltage the diode conducts.
Half wave rectifier theory rectification is an application of the pn junction diode. During the positive cycle of the input alternating voltage the diode is forward biased and conducts current. The power diode in a half wave rectifier circuit passes just one half of each complete sine wave of the ac supply in order to convert it into a dc supply.
So current flows through load. Half wave rectifier circuit. Then this type of circuit is called a half wave rectifier because it passes only half of the incoming ac power supply as shown below.
In this physics digital electronics video lecture in hindi for class 12 we explained the working of half and full wave p n junction diode rectifier with graph input voltage output current. Here only one diode is using. The junction diode has the property of offering low resistance and allowing current to flow through it in the forward biased condition.
In a half wave rectifier circuit the load resistance is connected in series with the pn junction diode. For rectification you must choose a diode having piv greater than the peak ac voltage to be rectified by it otherwise it will get damaged. The circuit is given.
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